Teratoma

Causes of teratoma

Teratomas form when special cells that should grow into organs or tissues start growing the wrong way.

• Problems in early cell development
• Cells that divide too fast or in the wrong place
• Genetic changes in the body

Risk factors for teratoma

Some people have a higher chance of getting a teratoma based on age, location or health conditions.

• Being born with certain genetic conditions
• Teratomas in the family
• Having ovaries or testicles (these are common places for teratomas)
• More common in babies, children and young adults

Symptoms of teratoma

Symptoms depend on where the tumor grows. Some are found during checkups or tests for other things.

• A lump or swelling you can feel
• Pain or pressure in the belly or chest
• Trouble urinating or pooping if the tumor is pressing on organs
• Fever or tiredness if there’s an infection
• There may be no symptoms if it’s small

Diagnosing teratoma

Doctors use tests to find out if a tumor is a teratoma and whether it’s harmless or cancerous.

• Ultrasound to find the mass
• CT scan or MRI to look inside the body
• Blood tests for tumor markers
• Biopsy to study a sample under a microscope

Treatment of teratoma

Treatment depends on the type and location of the tumor.

• Surgery to remove the tumor
• Chemotherapy if the teratoma is cancerous
• Regular follow-up to check for tumor growth or return

When to Seek Care

See a doctor if you notice:

• A lump or swelling that doesn’t go away
• Pain in the belly, chest or lower back
• Trouble going to the bathroom
• Unusual tiredness or fever