Patellofemoral Instability

Causes of patellofemoral instability 

 This condition can be caused by trauma, structural abnormalities, or muscle imbalances around the knee. In some individuals, the kneecap may be naturally more prone to shifting due to shallow grooves or loose ligaments. 

Risk factors for patellofemoral instability 

• History of kneecap dislocation or injury 
• Shallow femoral groove or misaligned kneecap 
• Weakness or imbalance in the thigh and hip muscles 
• Joint hypermobility or ligament laxity 
• Rapid growth or skeletal changes during adolescence 

Symptoms of patellofemoral instability 

• Feeling of the kneecap shifting or slipping out of place 
• Knee pain, especially in the front 
• Swelling or a popping sensation 
• Difficulty with stairs, squatting, or running 
• Occasional knee locking or buckling 

Diagnosing patellofemoral instability 

Diagnosis is based on a physical examination and a review of symptoms and knee movement. Imaging tests like X-rays or MRI may help identify structural issues and assess any damage. 

Treatment of patellofemoral instability 

Treatment may include physical therapy, bracing, or activity modifications to improve knee stability. Surgery might be recommended for repeated dislocations or if there is structural misalignment that doesn’t respond to conservative care.