What is sunburn?
Sunburn is when your skin gets red, sore and sometimes swollen after being in the sun too long. It happens when the sun’s UV rays damage your skin. You might not notice it right away, but the burn usually shows up a few hours later.
Causes of sunburn
Sunburn is caused by spending too much time in the sun without protection. The sun gives off UV rays that can damage your skin, especially if you’re not wearing sunscreen or covering up.
Risk factors for sunburn
Some people are more likely to get sunburned than others. Things that raise your risk include:
- Having light or fair skin
- Being outside during midday when the sun is strongest
- Not using sunscreen or not reapplying it
- Being near water, sand or snow, which reflect sunlight
- Taking certain medicines that make your skin more sensitive to the sun
Symptoms usually show up a few hours after sun exposure. Common signs include:
- Red or pink skin
- Skin that feels hot or sore to the touch
- Peeling skin a few days later
- Swelling or small blisters (in more serious cases)
- Fever or chills if the burn is really bad
Diagnosing sunburn
Most of the time, you can tell it’s sunburn just by looking at your skin. A doctor may ask how long you were in the sun and what symptoms you’re having. No tests are usually needed.
Treatment of sunburn
Sunburn usually gets better on its own, but there are things you can do to feel more comfortable:
- Put cool, wet cloths on the burned skin
- Use aloe vera or lotion to keep the skin moist
- Drink lots of water to stay hydrated
- Take medicine like ibuprofen to reduce pain or swelling
- Stay out of the sun until your skin heals