What is a yeast infection?
A yeast infection is a common fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of Candida, a type of yeast that naturally lives in and on the body. It often affects warm, moist areas like the mouth, skin folds or genitals and can lead to discomfort if left untreated.
Causes of a yeast infection
Yeast infections happen when the balance of bacteria and yeast in your body is disrupted. This can be triggered by things like:
- Using antibiotics
- Having high estrogen levels
- Having a weakened immune system
- A buildup of excess moisture in certain areas
Risk factors for a yeast infection
You're more likely to develop a yeast infection if you're pregnant, taking birth control pills or antibiotics - especially if you have diabetes. Wearing tight or non-breathable clothing and using scented deodorants or hygiene products can also increase your risk.
Symptoms of a yeast infection
Common symptoms of a yeast infection can include:
- Itching
- Irritation
- Redness and swelling in the affected area
In vaginal yeast infections, you may also notice a thick white discharge that resembles cottage cheese and a burning sensation during urination or sex.
Diagnosing a yeast infection
Your doctor can usually diagnose a yeast infection through a physical exam and by taking a sample of the affected area for lab testing. This helps rule out other conditions with similar symptoms.
Treatment of a yeast infection
Most yeast infections are easily treated with antifungal creams, ointments, tablets or suppositories. These can be purchased over-the-counter or prescribed by your doctor, depending on the severity of the infection.